Project management yara2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Task the executives yara2 - Essay Example From the way that assets will consistently stay constrained, directors are required to deal with the restricted assets utilizing orderly thoughts, powerful techniques and speculations and great setting of gauges to guarantee the venture prevails without superfluous consumptions. Most task directors whose activities have fizzled can be followed to the poor understanding of asset accessibility. It is on this point the task supervisors are required to include all round asset the executives abilities to abstain from bombing essential organization items. An inside and out asset the board for this situation incorporates both money related and human capital. The components required for powerful task the executives under the constrained assets incorporate the capacity of the supervisors to design, sort out, immediate, organize, control and assessment of the entire procedure. These components are constantly expected to frame a key piece of any undertaking at the beginning stage. Knowing or ta king note of the significance of these components during venture isn't sufficient to guide the undertaking towards progress. Initiative attributes and pragmatic parts of the task the board must become the overwhelming focus. Various undertakings have fizzled in spite of the accessibility of assets due poor administration. One of the components of undertaking the executives initiative is inclusion of all and exact correspondence. Great venture the executives must include a continuous procedure of presentation of any new things or changes. This examination will concentrate on great task the board from administration to the commonsense point (Meredith and Mantel, 2012). Associations and individual supervisors have encountered a progression of undertaking disappointments. These disappointments can be followed to poor administration inside the association and the venture group. The distinction among effective and bombed ventures has been called attention to be the administration perspective. Fruitful venture the executives as depicted by this investigation requires viable administration from the

Valentine, by Ann Duffy and First Love by John Clare :: English Literature

Valentine is by Ann Duffy. The principal thing that grabbed my eye was the title â€Å"Valentine†. Typically when you would hear that word your head would think hearts, love, sentiment, and choclates and so on however not for this situation. In this sonnet it depicts love as an onion and this is the steady symbolism. The writers point was to utilize the onion as a image of adoration as opposed to the ordinary, run of the mill blessings. I figure the sonnet may have been composed by a male yet adjusted by a female artist. My explanation behind saying this is fundamentally in light of the fact that when you read the sonnet it seems as if it’s a male word since it discusses giving endowments which is regularly from the man. Never the less it has all the more profound and enthusiastic sentiments in it which makes it sound like a female words. Anyway we will never know without a doubt. The language that the artist utilizes whether it’s a male or a female is powerful and solid on the grounds that regardless of whether don’t appreciate the sonnet you would in any case recall portions of it since its so obtuse and directly to the point .The sonnet likewise utilizes eventually comparison and allegories which likewise makes it extremely emotional. In this sonnet it additionally continually analyzes love to an onion. It utilizes similar words that can portray love as well as an onion , doesn’t truly utilize sweet and delicate words or phrases that you would ordinarily expect in an adoration sonnet however in my conclusion having somewhat of a change is constantly something worth being thankful for. â€Å"Blind you with tears† The word visually impaired and tears show the idea of affection and how love can hurt which leaves you grief stricken and in waterways of tears. Anyway in cooking insightful the onion would dazzle you and make you cry when you cut it, so the artist purchased these two things together and went along with them up to make their point all the more intriguing for the peruser. The language causes me to feel exceptionally moved at certain focuses on the grounds that its very passionate and clear .My preferred refrain was the last one in light of the fact that it utilizes solid words yet with enthusiasm and a profound full importance. â€Å"Lethal† Its fragrance will stick to your fingers, Stick to your blade Deadly methods perilous and I figure this would portray love best since truly love is sentimental be that as it may in the event that you don’t play it right what's more, don’t comply with the standards then it could transform into an awful game. This is the reason love shouldn’t be messed about in any case as it not a game, all things considered, it could mess a people life until the end of time.

spring! semester!

spring! semester! Were well into Quarter 3 and my first midterms are quickly approaching, so to procrastinate for them, I’m going to talk about my spring semester. Without further ado Classes: 18.065 (Matrix Methods in Data Analysis, Signal Processing, and Machine Learning) This class is taught by the legend Gilbert Strang, whom you may know for his 18.06 videos on MIT OCW. These videos saved me when I was taking Linear Algebra in high school, so I sent Professor Strang fanmail, and he responded to me recommending that I take this class! I’ve been waiting to take it ever since. This class definitely meets my expectations. I haven’t taken a math class since Linear Algebra in my junior year of high school, so reviewing important concepts took a while, but the class is really well-paced, so I didn’t struggle too much. I can’t wait to leave the realm of matrix methods and learn how they’re applied to probability and statistics, deep learning, and optimization. 21G.038 (China in the News: The Untold Stories) This class is fascinating. I decided to take it because it will (eventually) contribute to my Chinese minor and also because it’s a CI-H. I, uh, I needed to take one of those or I’d be put on a credit limit next fall. I had a bit of a rocky start in the class, but now that I’ve gotten used to it, I love it. It’s really, really interesting. It focuses on the politics of framingâ€"in other words, how people, whether consciously or subconsciously,   choose to portray issues. The first unit was about reframing Mao Zedong, who is illustrated in a very negative light in the West, and the current unit is about various elements of Chinese culture. I’m loving this unit because the similarities between Chinese and Indian culture are pretty profound, and making comparisons between Chinese, Indian, Japanese, and American culture is really intriguing.   Also, the assignments aren’t like anything I’ve experienced in a class beforeâ€"the homework for each class is to do readings/watch documentaries and to write two questions about the content that show your critical thinking. We then discuss everyone’s questions in the next class. It’s a lot of fun!! 21G.102 (Chinese II) And now for the actual Chinese language part of my minor! This class meets every day except Wednesday for an hour, and even though I thought it would be impossible to wake up at 10 am, it’s totally doable. I’m actually happy to come to class since it’s super engaging; I already feel my Chinese improving. There’s homework every day, and we also have to memorize 6-7 line dialogues before class quite often, but it’s not hard at allâ€"the homework takes a maximum of 30 minutes every night, and I memorize the dialogue on the 10-minute walk to class. Overall, the class seems like a lot more work than it is since there’s homework every day, but I like how doing it gives me a chance to decompress every night.   Also, the class is frickin hilarious, no joke. It’s such a friendly environment that everyone can attempt to say things at any time, which means that there are a lot of slip-ups that have me dying with laughter at least once a day.   15.276 (Communicating With Data) This class is a CI-M (aka a communication-intensive in your major) so damn, I am COMMUNICATING this semester. It’s pretty chill and it covers some essential skills in being a functioning human in the workplace, which is lit. A lot of it is intuitive, but having multiple opportunities to put everything into practice is nice. Also, I love that we get to work in groups since I havent gotten a chance to do that in a class here yet. It’s also a Sloan class, which is nice because Sloan has a lot of good places to work. It’s overhyped as being really far from campus, but it’s just a five-minute walk, so 8.02 (Physics II) Oh, jeez. I’m really behind in this class and there’s a midterm in two daysbut we’ll figure that out soon.   8.02 is in good ol’ TEAL format, so we work in groups and answer questions during class. Again, TEAL is effective for helping people apply concepts to problem-solving, but when you have no idea what’s going on, it’s pretty ineffective. I’ve missed a lot of lectures because 1. I was sick for the first two weeks of the semester and 2. I fell so far behind that going to lecture was essentially meaningless. and i oop I took AP Physics I in high school, so I kind of knew what I was doing in 8.01. 8.02, on the other handyikes. I really just did not know what was going on for the first three weeks of this semester. There hasn’t even been that much content covered so far, which is the scary partbut I’m using the many resources available to catch up before the midterm!! pray for me lol Extracurriculars: Cardio Drumming (PE): Yall. You should take this PE class. It’s incredible. Cardio drumming is quite the conceptâ€"you basically use drumsticks to drum on a yoga mat to hype songs. As you drum, you do ab curls and squats and a ton of other exercises that I would hate to do in literally any other context.   IT’S SO FUN. NO JOKE. I am ENJOYING doing cardio!!!! I look forward to every class!!!!!!!! Also, the teacher is lovely and extremely accommodating. She has so much energy and an AMAZING taste in music. TAKE THIS PE I SWEAR TO GOD YOU WON’T REGRET IT Mocha Moves: Yep, I’m still dancing :) Mocha is only six hours a week during the semester, which seems very light compared to the 20+ hours a week we had to endure during IAPI love Mocha so much and am really excited for another semester on the team! Dance Troupe: I’m both choreographing and dancing in DT this semester. I’m choreographing the beginner hip-hop dance with my living community big (who is also the DT president), so we can hang out in a kitchen and make choreo, which is hellaaa convenient. Choreographing and teaching is SO much fun! It’s tiring since there are over 40 people in our dance, but seeing how much everyone is enjoying it makes me really happy.   (CAMI IS IN MY DANCE 3333) As for the one dance I’m in, it’s a fusion piece that’s being choreographed by a lot of cool people, so I’m v v excited about it.   Transition Team: I’ve talked about this before, but Burton-Conner is being renovated, which is a BIG sad. All the living communities within BC are being split up during the two-year period of renovation, so student voices during the transitioning processes are integral to preserving the dorm’s culture. We meet every two weeks to share updates on the transition and to discuss how we can help the student body through this process. Being a member is hard since it breaks my heart that my living community is being split up, but it’s really, really important. Burton-Conner Vice President: Ayy I’m on exec! Currently, I don’t have huge responsibilities besides attending UA Council meetings, helping the president out, and staying informed about everything going on with Burton-Conner, but that’ll change when the transition gets more underway Global Languages Advisory Group: Since I’m a Chinese minor, I was invited to join an advisory group that helps the Global Languages department figure out how to better meet student needs. It’s a really chill commitment that has the potential to help a lot of people, which is great. We’re currently working on planning World Languages Day (April 8)! 21G.012 (Exploring Globalization Through Chinese Food): I TA for this class! It’s a 1-unit freshman exploratory class that my professor from last semester teaches, so she invited me to help her out with it. The class is suuuuper chillâ€"you basically get to eat Chinese snacks and learn about various aspects of Chinese culture. There are only six lectures and also a free trip to Chinatown and a cooking workshop, so it’s a pretty incredible deal.   (ALSO CJ IS IN MY CLASS AND HES A STELLAR STUDENT) Sloan Business Club Social Chair: I get to help plan cool events for cool people :)   and thats, uh, it!

Annotated Bibliography On Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking

Annotated Bibliography: Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking Clark County Washington. â€Å"Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Commercially Sexually Exploited Children.† Clark County Washington. Juvenile Court. 2016. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. This website is bringing awareness to domestic minor sex trafficking in Washington. They have identified that domestic minor sex trafficking is serious problem in their community. They have developed a year long training program to help equip their community so that they will have a response when they find a victim. They also have stated that domestic minor sex trafficking victims are victims not criminals. They have also created a very informative powerpoint that goes through key ideas on warning signs, identifying, and resources to call. This website is government based. It is Clark County official website so it should be very reliable. This website is very current in that all the links work and the website is up to date. They offer information on multiple subjects that affect their community. Countryman-Roswurm, Karen, and Brien Bolin. Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking: Assessing And Reducing Risk. Child Adolescent Social Work Journal 31.6 (2014): 521-538. Sociological Collection. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. This Scholarly article focuses on a study that is being conducted for a three months. The volunteers for this study are runaways, homeless and people who have experienced some kind of abuse. The age group resulted in twenty-three fourteen

Observations Of A Child Development Lab - 1966 Words

Introduction This paper will discuss the observations made at the Child Development lab, and how they are connected to various types of development learned throughout this course. Question One During the beginning of my visit with the 36-month classroom, I observed a boy for fifteen minutes. Throughout the duration of this time, he was one of the first few children up from nap, so he proceeded to walk around, and get out toys to play with. However, he was asked repeatedly by the teachers to be quiet, as others were still napping. At one point, the teacher got down on is level, and had to confiscate his toy food. His face got an expression of shock, and then it gradually grew upset, with his eyebrows arching, and his lips grew into a†¦show more content†¦Question Two The adults in the room talk to children on their level, meaning that when an adult must say what a child did wrong, they make sure that they get down on their level, and talk to them in a calm yet firm manner. They promoted the well-being of the children by engaging in play that was challenging for them, but with the help of the teachers, it became possible. This is supported by Vygotsky’s theory of the zone of proximal development, which is the concept of seeing what a child can do with help, and what a child cannot yet do (Berk, 2013). A specific example of this is when a child was trying to complete a puzzle, and the teacher showed them how to complete the difficult puzzle, and then the child, with some occasional help from the teacher, was able to complete this puzzle. This will help support the child’s development because it helps the child overcome challenges. Another observation I made was during their reading time. A teacher was reading them a book, I believe the book was If You Give a Mouse a Cookie, and the teacher was taking turns reading and then helping the students read small passages. The students seemed actively engaged, and were eager to read whenever they were given the chance. One of the best ways to connect this to class is using Vygotsky’s reciprocal teaching (Berk, 2013). This is when a small group of students is working with a teacher, and the students are actively engaged. This will help support a child’sShow MoreRelated1.Teacher Interaction. When I Notice About Interaction1592 Words   |  7 Pages1. Teacher interaction When I notice about interaction development, first I go to the first lab. This is my first time to see a couple of children eating together. Today they eat some noodles with orange juice, some children drink and some are eating. Today my object is Finley who is a very beautiful girl. Finley not anxious to eat, first looking around for a while, with a spoon scoop up a spoon noodle soup, on the mouth blowing a blow into the mouth. He drank countless mouth soup but did not eatRead MoreThe Cognitive Development Of Children1269 Words   |  6 Pagesare many different things that shape the cognitive development of children. To begin with cognitive development is when a child develops how to process, solve problems, and start making decisions. Once they have learned this they take everything they have learned into their adolescence. An example, of what can shape the cognitive development of a child can be an educational game. Educational games can be very useful in shaping a child’ s development because they are having fun while learning at theRead MoreChildren Develop A Sense Of Attachment And Behavior Affected By A Disconnect With Their Parents Essay1678 Words   |  7 Pagesin some form or another with those people whom they habitually encounter in their lives, such as their parents. 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Pop Art Was Simply a Reflection of Consumer Society and Mass Media Free Essays

Pop art was simply a reflection of consumer society and mass media, not a critique. Discuss with reference to the work of 3 artists. Pop Art was one of the major art movements of the twentieth century. We will write a custom essay sample on Pop Art Was Simply a Reflection of Consumer Society and Mass Media or any similar topic only for you Order Now It brought art back to the material realities of daily life, in which ordinary people derived most their visual pleasure from popular mass culture, such as advertising, television, magazines, or comic books and comic strips. As it emerged from the experiments of the fifties, was the ideal instrument for coming to grips with the American urban environment. Stangos, 1997) As the post-war generation and the stable political situation, it drove people back to the qualities of life. At the same times, America urban environment was influence by industrialism, consumer society and the mass media explosion. The pop artists have found subjects, which have previously been ‘invisible’ because they are so much a part of our surroundings that we don’t see them. These things now begin to appear, once the artists have pointed them out, and we discover that the world is full of ‘Pop object,’ which are expressive of our times and our values for better or for worse. M ahsun, 1989, p. 163) Pop art was established from the reality of basic consumer society; therefore, it was accepted by the society easily. Pop art is said to be a reflection of culture as artists are giving new interpretation to different ordinary objects in their art works. Jasper Johns establish his career in art in 1954, he uses flags, numbers, letters and maps these kind of common symbols in daily life as element or theme of his art work. Jasper talks about his work, ‘Flags’ (fig. ), in which he thinks that flag this kind of most ordinary objects ‘can be dealt with without having to judge them, they seem to me to exist as clear facts, not involving aesthetic hierarchy. ’ (Harrison and Wood, 2001, p. 721) He adds that ‘one thinks it has forty-eight stars and suddenly it has fifty stars; it is no longer of any great interest. ’ ‘The painting of a flag is always about a flag, but it is no more about a flag than it is about a brush-stroke or about a color or about the physicality of the paint, I think. (Harrison and Wood, 2001, p. 723) People will not care anymore about the cultural meaning of a flag, such as the meaning behind the number of stars of flag, but it transforms to a new representation of merely art element—- brush-stroke, color and paint. The deform of ordinary objects is reformed into a new image using oil and collage on fabric. By looking at the quality of work, one may say it is unfinished, however Jasper said it is his intention. ‘I think a painting should include more experience than simply intended statement. I personally would like to keep the painting in a state of ‘ shunning statement’, so that one is left with the fact that one can experience individually as one pleases; that is, not to focus the attention in one way, but to leave the situation as kind of actual thing, so that the experience of it is variable. ’ (Harrison and Wood, 2001, p. 726) Besides he is interested in deforming objects, he also intended to leave the painting not ‘perfect’ as people usually conceived, to let viewer to ‘experience’ and interpret the painting in their own way. Lippard (1966) also said that he has neutralized the gap between life and art by composing ‘imperfect synthesis of motif and treatment’. The question about is it a painting or flag is no more important. He integrates art and life with the use of ordinary objects and the imperfect way to treat his art. The new interpretation of ordinary culture is arousing resonance of viewers rather that a voicing out a statement to challenge the society. Andy Warhol, another master of pop art giving a new interpretation of mass production. For the most 1950s he was a successful graphic designer, particularly in the field of shoe illustration. In 1960, Warhol, produced his first canvases depicting comic strip characters. The canonical repeated Soup Cans, Disaster, Elvises and Marilyns followed in 1962. Warhol talks about his work, ‘Campbell’s Soup Cans,’(fig. 2), for the reason he start painting soup cans ‘because I used to drink it. I used to have the same lunch every day, for twenty years, I guess, the same thing over and over again. ’(Harrison and Wood, 2001, P. 732) Painting usually reflects the painter’s mind, which is happening around them. And the Soup cans totally reflect what Warhol’s life had and what he concerned. Daily objects are used again as the theme of art work which is reminding viewers about very common objects, which Warhol is placing a new value and thought into them through his work. Another series of painting, the death series (fig. 3), and the reason to start this series is because there was lots of disaster news from the mass media. Warhol realized that everything he was doing must have been Death. That started it. But he believed when one see a horrible picture over and over again would lose the effect (Harrison and Wood, 2001, P. 732). He even wants to repeat the images like what a machine does. In the 60s, most of the American similar to Warhol repeating their life likes a machine. No one would like to be a machine, but Warhol does. Warhol said that ‘I want to be a machine, and I feel that whatever I do and do machine like is what I want to do. ’ (Harrison and Wood, 2001, P. 732) In 1963 Warhol was mass-producing the images by silkscreen technique, for the repeated images ‘makes us aware again of objects which have lost their visual recognition through constant exposure. We take a fresh look at things familiar to us, yet uprooted from their ordinary contexts, and reflect upon the meaning of contemporary existence. ’(Stangos, 1997, P. 229) Warhol wants an art that will appeal to everybody, and his ‘products’ range from soup to cheesecake, Brillo to Marilyn Monroe, nose surgery to Jacqueline Kennedy, as he mention ‘everything is beautiful, Pop is everything. ’ (Stangos, 1997) Once again, his art work reflects the mundane daily life of Warhol. It becomes widespread and popular because of the objects are so attached to everyone’s common life in America, which recalls people’s memory. It is more probably that he is playful to ordinary materials, giving new look to them, mass producing them, rather to give a critical statement to the contemporary society. Roy Lichtenstein, who was a founder and foremost practitioner of pop art, he interest in the comic-strip cartoon and blown-up enlargements of things as an art theme probably began with a painting of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck, ‘Look Mickey’ (fig. 4). Although he was initially dissatisfied with his technique and uncomfortable with direct appropriation, he took great pleasure in presenting well-known comic-strip figures in a fine art format. He thinks that Pop art is commercial art which is used as subject matter in painting. (Franciz, Mark and Foster, 2005) He is interested in signs and comic strips because they are ‘usable, forceful and vital about commercial art†¦. We are using those things—- but we are not really advocating stupidity, international teenagerism and terrorism. ’ (Franciz, Mark and Foster, 2005, p. 229) The use of ‘comic strips’ itself already brings the cultural effect which everyone could digest easily, while he did not intend to give a judgment to the culture or society. Roy also said that he painted directly. To express the things in a painterly style would dilute it; the techniques he uses are not commercial, they only appear to be commercial and the ways of seeing and composing and unifying are different and have different ends. Roy believes pop art looks out into the world; it appears to accept its environment, which is not good or bad, but different-another state of mind. And the tension between apparent object-directed products and actual ground- directed processes is an important strength of pop art. Mahsun, 1989,) When the curator at the modern museum has called pop art fascistic and militaristic, ‘the 1st televised war’ (fig 5), Roy said that ‘The heroes depicted in comic books are fascist types, but I don’t take them seriously in these paintings- maybe there is a point in not taking them seriously, a political point. I use them for purely formal reason, and that’s not what those heroes were invented for†¦. Pop art has very immediate and of the moment meanings which will vanish- that kind of thing is ephemeral- and pop takes advantage of this ‘meaning’ which is not supposed to last, to divert you from its content. I think the formal statement in my work will become clearer in time. ’ (Mahsun, 1989, P. 113) It is clear that Roy does not take the heroic effect of cartoon strip itself seriously, even agrees with the fading meaning of pop art it may convey. It does not matters to him whether the effect will be long-lasting. He takes the immediate effect of cartoon images which are popular and influential in the moment. One could hardly think about he is criticizing the culture from his own statement. In 50s to 60s America societies, pop culture is the product of the Industrial Revolution, and of the series of technological revolutions that succeed it. Nikos Stangos, 1997) The impact of Mass media from radio, television or magazine advertising was fully influenced in America urban environment, who can live without this complicated mass media element. According to impact of mass media, the commonplace objects (such as comic strips, famous star and commodities) were used as subject matter in p op art. When the pop artists discovered those ‘invisible’ objects, they realized that there were full of new interesting art element surround them. When the daily commodities become an art piece, the relationship between the commonplace objects and the consumer are resonating easily. That is the reason why pop art acceptance and recognition by the consumer society and become a fad quickly. (Harrison and Wood, 2001,) It is more prone that Pop art is reflecting the society and culture rather than judging it. ‘Everything about pop art was, and is, transient and provisional. By embracing these qualities, the pop artists held a mirror to society itself. ’ (Stangos, 1997, P. 238) | | | (Fig. 1) Flags, 1952| | (Fig. 2) Campbell’s Soup Can, 1962| | | | | | | (Fig. 3) five deaths, 1963| | (Fig. 4) Look mickey,1961| | | | | | | (Fig. 5) The 1st televised war,1972| | | Reference list: Francis, Mark and Foster, 2005, Hal (eds). Pop, Phaidon, New York Harrison, C and Wood, P 2001, Art in theory: 1900-2000: and anthology of changing ideas, Oxford, Blackwell. Honnet, K 2007, Andy Warhol 1928-1987 commerce into Art, Taschen, Germany Lippard,L. R, 1966, Pop Art, Thames and Hudson, London Livingstone, M, 2000, Pop art a continuing history, Thames and Hudson, Singapore Mahsun, C. A. R, 1989, Pop Art the critical dialogue, UMI Research Press, London Stangos, N, 1997, Concepts of Modern Art, third edition, Thames and Hudson, Singapore How to cite Pop Art Was Simply a Reflection of Consumer Society and Mass Media, Papers

Internet Censorship Essays (1650 words) - Content-control Software

Internet Censorship The freedom of speech that was possible on the Internet could now be subjected to governmental approvals. For example, China is attempting to restrict political expression, in the name of security and social stability. It requires users of the Internet and electronic mail (e-mail) to register, so that it may monitor their activities. In the United Kingdom, state secrets and personal attacks are off limits on the Internet. Laws are strict and the government is extremely interested in regulating the Intern et with respect to these issues.10 Laws intended for other types of communication will not necessarily apply in this medium. Through all the components of the Internet it becomes easy to transfer material that particular governments might find objectionable. However, all of these means of communicating on the Internet make up a large and vast system. For inspectors to monitor every e-mail, every article in every Newsgroup, every Webpage, every IRC channel, every Gopher site and every FTP site would be near impossible. Besides taking an ext raordinary amount of money and time, attempts to censor the Internet violate freedom of speech rights that are included in democratic constitutions and international laws.11 It would be a breach of the First Amendment. The Constitution of the United Stat es of America declares that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redr ess of grievances 12 Therefore it would be unconstitutional for any sort of censorship to occur on the Internet and affiliated services. Despite the illegality, restrictions on Internet access and content are increasing worldwide under all forms of government. In France, a co untry where the press generally has a large amount of freedom, the Internet has recently been in the spotlight. A banned book on the health history of former French president Francois Mitterrand was republished electronically on the World Wide Web (WWW). Apparently, the electronic reproduction of Le Grand Secret by a third party wasn't banned by a court that ruled that the printed version of the book unlawfully violated Mitterrand's privacy. To enforce censorship of the Internet, free societies find that they become more repressive and closed societies find new ways to crush political expression and opposition.13 Vice - President Al Gore, while at an international conference in Brussels about the Internet, in a keynote address said that [Cyberspace] is about protecting and enlarging freedom of expression for all our citizens ... Ideas should not be checked at the border.14 Another person attending that conference was Ann Breeson of the Ame rican Civil Liberties Union, an organization dedicated to preserving many things including free speech. She is quoted as saying, Our big victory at Brussels was that we pressured them enough so that Al Gore in his keynote address made a big point of stre ssing the importance of free speech on the Internet.15 Many other organizations have fought against laws and have succeeded. A prime example of this is the fight that various groups put on against the recent Communication Decency Act (CDA) of the U.S. Se nate. The Citizens Internet Empowerment Coalition on 26 February 1996 filed a historic lawsuit in Philadelphia against the U.S. Department of Justice and Attorney General Janet Reno to make certain that the First Amendment of the U.S.A. would not be compr omised by the CDA. The sheer range of plaintiffs alone, including the American Booksellers Association, the Freedom to Read Foundation, Apple, Microsoft, America Online, the Society of Professional Journalists, the Commercial Internet eXchange Association , Wired, and HotWired, as well as thousands of netizens (citizens of the Internet) shows the dedication that is felt by many different people and groups to the cause of free speech on the Internet.16 Words like *censored*, *censored*, piss, and tits. Words of which our mothers (at least some of them) would no doubt disapprove, but which by no means should be regulated by the government. But it's not just about dirty words. It's also about words like AIDS, gay, a nd breasts. It's about sexual content, and politically controversial topics like drug addiction, euthanasia, and racism.17 Just recently in France, a high court has struck down a bill that promoted the censorship of the Internet. Other countries have attempted similar moves. The Internet cannot be regulated in the way of other mediums simply because it is not the same as

Biography of James Hutton, Founder of Modern Geology

Biography of James Hutton, Founder of Modern Geology James Hutton (June 3, 1726–March 26, 1797) was a Scottish doctor and geologist who had ideas about the formation of the Earth that became known as Uniformitarianism. Although not an accredited geologist, he spent much time hypothesizing that the Earths processes and formation had been going on for eons and were continuing to the present. Charles Darwin was well-acquainted with Hutton’s ideas, which provided a framework for his work in biological evolution and natural selection. Fast Facts: James Hutton Known For: Founder of modern geologyBorn: June 3, 1726 in Edinburgh, United KingdomParents: William Hutton, Sarah BalfourDied: March 26, 1797 in Edinburgh, United KingdomEducation: University of Edinburgh, University of Paris, University of LeidenPublished Works: Theory of the EarthChildren: James Smeaton Hutton Early Life James Hutton was born on June 3, 1726, in Edinburgh, Scotland, one of five children born to William Hutton and Sarah Balfour. His father, who was a merchant and treasurer for the city of Edinburgh, died in 1729, when James was only 3 years old. He also lost an older brother at a very young age. His mother did not remarry and was able to raise Hutton and his three sisters on her own, thanks to the wealth his father had built before his death. When Hutton was old enough, his mother sent him to the High School of Edinburgh, where he discovered his love of chemistry and mathematics. Education At the young age of 14, Hutton was sent off to the University of Edinburgh to study Latin and other humanities courses. He was made the apprentice of a lawyer at age 17, but his employer did not believe that he was well-suited for a career in law. Hutton decided to become a physician to be able to continue his studies in chemistry. After three years in the medical program at the University of Edinburgh, Hutton finished his medical studies in Paris before receiving his degree from the University of Leiden in the Netherlands in 1749. Personal Life While studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Hutton fathered an illegitimate son with a woman who lived in the area. He named his son James Smeaton Hutton. Although he financially supported his son, who was raised by his mother, Hutton did not take an active role in raising the boy. Following the birth in 1747, Hutton moved to Paris to continue his medical studies. After finishing his degree, instead of moving back to Scotland, the young doctor practiced medicine in London for a few years. It is not known whether this move to London was prompted by the fact that his son was living in Edinburgh, but it is often assumed that is why he chose not to move back to Scotland. Soon, however, Hutton decided that practicing medicine was not for him. Before he had started his medical studies, Hutton and a partner had become interested in sal ammoniac, or ammonium chloride, a chemical used in making medicines as well as fertilizers and dyes. They developed an inexpensive method of manufacturing the chemical that became financially rewarding, enabling Hutton in the early 1750s to move to a large plot of land he had inherited from his father and become a farmer. Here he began to study geology and came up with some of his best-known ideas. By 1765, the farm and the sal ammoniac manufacturing company were providing enough income that he could give up farming and move to Edinburgh, where he could pursue his scientific interests. Geological Studies Hutton did not have a degree in geology, but his experiences on the farm gave him the focus to form theories about the formation of the Earth that were novel at the time. Hutton hypothesized that the interior of the Earth was very hot and that the processes that changed the Earth long ago were still at work millenniums later. He published his ideas in his book, The Theory of the Earth, in 1795. Hutton asserted in the book that life also followed this long-term pattern. The concepts in the book about life changing gradually by these same mechanisms since the beginning of time were in line with the principles of evolution well before Charles Darwin came up with his theory of natural selection. Huttons ideas drew much criticism from most geologists of his time, who followed a more religious line in their findings. The prevailing theory at the time of how rock formations had occurred on Earth was that they were a product of a series of catastrophes, such as the Great Flood, that accounted for the form and nature of an Earth that was thought to be only 6,000 years old. Hutton disagreed and was mocked for his anti-Biblical account of the Earths formation. He was working on a follow-up to the book when he died. Death James Hutton died in Edinburgh on March 26, 1797, at age 70 after suffering poor health and pain for a number of years caused by bladder stones. He was buried in Edinburgh’s Greyfriars Churchyard. He left no will, so his estate passed to his sister and, on her death, to Huttons grandchildren, the children of his son, James Smeaton Hutton. Legacy In 1830, geologist Charles Lyell rephrased and republished many of Huttons ideas in his book Principles of Geology and called them Uniformitarianism, which became a cornerstone of modern geology. Lyell was an acquaintance of Robert FitzRoy, captain of the  HMS Beagle  on Darwins voyages. FitzRoy gave Darwin a copy of  Principles of Geology, which Darwin studied as he traveled and collected data for his work. It was Lyells book, but Huttons ideas, that inspired Darwin to incorporate the concept of an ancient mechanism that had been at work since the beginning of the Earth in his own world-changing book, The Origin of the Species. Thus, Huttons concepts indirectly sparked the idea of natural selection for Darwin. Sources James Hutton: Scottish Geologist. Encyclopedia Brittanica.James Hutton: The Founder of Modern Geology. The American Museum of Natural History.James Hutton. Famous Scientists.

LSAT Logical Reasoning Sample Practice Questions

LSAT Logical Reasoning Sample Practice Questions The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet. Question 1 Biologists attached a radio transmitter to one of a number of wolves that had been released earlier in the White River Wilderness Area as part of a relocation project. The biologists hoped to use this wolf to track the movements of the whole pack. Wolves usually range over a wide area in search of prey, and frequently follow the migrations of their prey animals. The biologists were surprised to find that this particular wolf never moved more than five miles away from the location in which it was first tagged. Which one of the following, if true, would by itself most help to explain the behavior of the wolf tagged by the biologists? A.  The area in which the wolves were released was rocky and mountainous, in contrast to the flat, heavily-wooded area from which they were taken.   B. The wolf had been tagged and released by the biologists only three miles away from a sheep ranch that provided a large, stable population of prey animals. C.  The White River Wilderness Area had supported a population of wolves in past years, but they had been hunted to extinction. D.  Although the wolves in the White River Wilderness Area were under government protection, their numbers had been sharply reduced, within a few years of their release, by illegal hunting. E.  The wolf captured and tagged by the biologists had split off from the main pack whose movements the biologists had hoped to study, and its movements did not represent those of the main pack. Answer below. Scroll down. Question 2 As any economist knows, healthy people pose less of an economic burden to society than unhealthy people. Not surprisingly, then, every dollar our state government spends on prenatal care for undocumented immigrants will save taxpayers of this state three dollars. Which of the following, if true, would best explain why the statistics cited above are not surprising? A.  The state’s taxpayers pay for prenatal care of all  immigrants. B.  Babies born in this state to undocumented immigrant parents are entitled to infant care benefits from the state. C.  State benefits for prenatal care serve to promote undocumented immigration. D.  Babies whose mothers did not receive prenatal care.are just as healthy as other babies. E.  Pregnant women who do not receive prenatal care are more likely to experience health problems than other pregnant women. Question 3 Beautiful beaches attract people, no doubt about it. Just look at this city’s beautiful beaches, which are among the most overcrowded beaches in Florida. Which of the following exhibits a pattern of reasoning most similar to the one exhibited in the argument above? A.  Moose and bear usually appear at the same drinking  hole at the same time of day. Therefore, moose and  bear must grow thirsty at about the same time. B.  Children who are scolded severely tend to misbehave.more often than other children. Hence if a child is not scolded severely that child is less likely to misbehave. C.  This software program helps increase the work  efficiency of its users. As a result, these users  have more free time for other activities. D.  During warm weather, my dog suffers from fleas  more so than during cooler weather. Therefore,  fleas must thrive in a warm environment. E. Pesticides are known to cause anemia in some people.  However, most anemic people live in regions where  pesticides are not commonly used. Answers to LSAT Logical Reasoning Questions Question 1: Most wolves range over a wide area in search of prey; this particular wolf hung around the same area. An explanation that immediately suggests itself is that this particular wolf found enough prey in this area, so it didn’t have to run all over looking for food. This is the tack taken by B. If the wolf had a large stable population of sheep on which to pray in the immediate vicinity, there was no need for it to range over a wide territory looking for food. A  doesn’t have much direct bearing on this particular wolf’s lack of mobility. While it’s true that a wolf might find it harder to move around in the mountainous  country, the stimulus says that  wolves, in general, tend to cover great distances in search of food. There’s no hint that a wolf in a mountainous area should prove an exception to this rule. C  is irrelevant: While the White River Wilderness Area may once have supported a population of wolves, knowing this does nothing to explain the behavior of this particular wolf. D, if anything, gives what seems to be a reason for our wolf to make tracks and migrate somewhere else.  Certainly,  D doesn’t explain why our wolf didn’t follow usual wolf hunting methods. E answers the wrong question; it would help explain why the naturalists couldn’t use our wolf to study the movements of the larger pack. However, we haven’t been asked that; we want to know why this specific wolf didn’t behave the way wolves usually do. Question 2 The argument relies on the unstated assumption that prenatal care results in better health and therefore less cost to society. E helps to affirm this assumption. A  is irrelevant to the argument, which makes no distinction between undocumented immigrants and other immigrants. B describes benefits that  might  decrease the overall tax burden, but only if the prenatal care program serves to reduce  the amount of  infant-care benefits paid. The argument does not inform us whether this is the case. Thus it is impossible to assess the extent to which B would explain how the prenatal care would save the taxpayers money. C actually renders the statistics  more  surprising, by providing evidence that prenatal care will add to society’s economic burden. D also renders the statistics  more  surprising, by providing evidence that the cost of the prenatal care program will  not  be offset by a particular health benefit- a benefit which would lessen the taxpayers\’ economic burden. Question 3 The correct response to Question 3 is (D). The original argument bases a conclusion that one phenomenon causes another on an observed correlation between the two phenomena. The argument boils down to the following: Premise:  X (beautiful beach) is correlated with Y (crowd  of people).Conclusion:  X (beautiful beach) causes Y (crowd of people). Answer choice (D) demonstrates the same pattern of reasoning: Premise:  X (warm weather) is correlated with Y (fleas).Conclusion:  X (warm weather) causes Y (fleas). (A) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument: Premise:  X (moose at the drinking hole) is correlated with Y (bears at the drinking hole).Conclusion:  X (moose) and Y (bear) are both caused by Z (thirst). (B) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument: Premise:  X (scolding children) is correlated with Y (misbehavior among children).Assumption:  Either X causes Y, or Y causes X.Conclusion:  Not X (no scolding) will be correlated with not Y (no misbehavior). (C) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument: Premise:  X (software program) causes Y (efficiency).Assumption:  Y (efficiency) causes Z (free time).Conclusion:  X (software program) causes Z (free time). (E) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument. In fact, (E) is not a complete argument; it contains two premises but no conclusion: Premise:  X (pesticides) causes Y (anemia).Premise:  Not X (pesticide-free regions) is correlated with Y (anemia).

Two One page orders for a discussion post - not a paper just to be Essay - 3

Two One page orders for a discussion post - not a paper just to be done as a discussion board post - Essay Example cientists and leaders like John Adams and Owen have understood the wider implications of education and believed that along with propagation of knowledge, it should also become a tool for preserving the constitution of the nation. Gutek, the modern educationalist has been quite vociferous in promoting radical reforms in the education system to meet the challenges of the contemporary environment of pluralistic society and fast advancing technology. He reaffirms the relevance of the philosophies of Mann, Adams etc. and categorically says that educational institutes must widen their vision and mission to include children and people from diverse background. The goals of NCLB have thus, brought the Public schools to the common man who can now access education, especially in the public schools that are considered a seat of academic excellence but which were well-known for their preferences to the elite class. In the early eighteenth and nineteenth century, education was not universal and catered to the select few who could afford it. Though, the philosophers through the ages have advocated education as the mainstay of development of the nations, historians have shown that the Americans had realized early its importance and reformers like Jefferson, Adams, Mann etc had advocated an education system that would help gain knowledge that could be used for the wider welfare of the society. In the subsequent years, the emergence of public schools, private schools and government schools had promoted politics of segregation, based on social status, racism and class difference. To make education universal and accessible to all, No Child Left Behind is the most commendable program, taken by the Bush government to reduce the increasing disparity in the education system in the United States. The four pillars of the program greatly support the accessibility to good education through ‘accountability, choice, and flexibility in Federal education programs’ (USDOE). NCLB has

Healthcare Costs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Healthcare Costs - Essay Example The health insurance policies play a significant role in determining the cost of care. This is depicted by the reality that there are differences in the cost of health insurance by the government and private providers (Weeks, 2012). For example, the private insurance policy has resulted in increased costs of health insurance and health care in private hospitals than public hospitals. The private insurance policy provides that individuals can take personal insurance which includes ambulance cover, general treatment cover and hospital cover (West, 2014). Disparities in access to ambulatory services are ambulatory services are attributed to the high costs, which are associated with private ambulance covers (Leigh & Wheatley, 2010). The cost of care is described as the main factor which affects the delivery of health care services (Bodenheimer & Grumbach, 2012). The costs of health insurance are spelled out within the insurance policies. High costs of health insurance cause individuals that cannot afford it to wait with illnesses until the point when they are less treatable (Wood, 2013). The private insurance policy limits the services that can be covered. For instance, there are inclusions and restrictions to specific services, which mean that patients incur greater personal expenses. Optional treatments, which are not covered by Medicare, are also based on the personal expenses of patients. Long stay patients also pay more because long term care is not covered by Medicare (Weeks, 2012). These are provisions within the public and private health insurance policies, which contribute to the high costs that are, associated with care processes within US health facilities (West, 2014). The Affordable Health Care policy as provided within the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act also plays a role in influencing health

Prevelence of Inguinal Hernia in Men Caused by Mosquito

Prevelence of Inguinal Hernia in Men Caused by Mosquito PREVELENCE OF INGUINAL HERNIA IN MEN CAUSED BY MOSQUITO VECTOR IN TANGA COAST LAND CASE STUDY MUHEZA STUDENT NAME: BARABARA JOHN   Contents (Jump to): INTRODUCTION Background information Literature Review Problem Statement Objectives Specific Objectives General Objectives Research questionnaire Significance of the Study Study Area and Site Sampling and Sampling Techniques Data collection Data Analysis Conclusion References INTRODUCTION Hernia is defined as the protrusion, swelling or exit of an organ the body wall that normally contains it. The inguinal hernia occur when the protrusion occur through the inguinal canal (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016). This problem most of the time face men because of the inherent weakness of the abdominal wall in the area spermatic cord passes through the inguinal canal (National Center for Health Statistics,1960) Hernia usually involve two things, First is imperfection itself, known as the size and the location of the imperfection, another thing is the hernia sac (pouch) which contain abdominal contents such as omentum, small intestine, colon or bladder, or the sac may be empty (SD, Sharma VM, et al 2013). There are many types of hernia but most occurring hernia is groin hernias also other hernias it involve hiatus hernia, incisional hernia and umbilical hernia. (SD, Sharma VM, et al 2013) The inguinal hernia occur at the time when the tissues pushes though a weak area in the scrotum, this phenomenon result to rounded swelling which distort a flat surface of the scrotum(groin).this swelling may hurt or may burn sometimes. Inguinal hernia occur in the scrotum where there is the deposition of the fatty tissues or intestinal tissues pushes through the inguinal canal. The inguinal canal resides at its lower part, both males and females have the inguinal canal. In men, the testes usually are situated downward through this tubular duct shortly before birth. In women, the tubular duct is the location for the uterine ligament. If a hernia is in this area, it results in a protruding swelling that result into a painful during movement. Most of the inguinal hernia occur because an opening in the muscle wall do not close as it should be before birth, this result to a weak area in the front part of the human trunk muscles, Pressure on the weak area can result tissue to push through and swell out. A hernia can occur soon after birth or after some time in the life depending on the various factors that individual can be subjected with during the life time. People with more weight are facing more risk of get a hernia. Hernias are more common in men. A woman may get a hernia while she is pregnant because of the pressure on her belly wall. SYMPTOMS The main symptom of an inguinal hernia is the swelling in the groin or scrotum in case of men, the swelling feels like a compact mass with an irregular shape. This swelling may form over a period of weeks or months or it may appear all of a sudden after been lifting heavy weights, coughing, bending, straining, or laughing. The hernia can be painful, but some hernias makes a swelling with no pain. Other symptoms include; pain when coughing, exercising, or bending over burning sensations sharp pain a heavy or full sensation in the groin Types of Inguinal Hernias There are two main types of hernia, which are, direct hernia and indirect hernia. The direct inguinal hernia is most occurring one and it is usually occur in premature birth at the time before the inguinal canal is fully developed, also it might happen any time during the life time and it is most occurring in males. A direct inguinal hernia most often occurs in adults. The popular belief is that weakening muscles during adulthood lead to a direct inguinal hernia. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), this type of hernia is more prevalent in men. Inguinal hernias can also be incarcerated or strangulated. An incarcerated inguinal hernia happens when tissue becomes stuck in the groin and cant go back. Strangulated versions are more serious medical conditions that restrict blood flow to the small intestine. Strangulated hernias are life-threatening and require emergency medical care. EPIDEMOLOGY Inguinal hernia occur in both male and female, but are more common in males than in female and are more in whites compared with non-whites, it affect all ages but the more risk of inguinal hernia increase with the increase in age. With respect to the sex, females become apparent at the later age between the age of 40 to 60 years and from 60 to 79years .while in men it occur 10 years earlier. (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016) BACKGROUND INFORMATION Hernias are among of the oldest recorded problem that cause illness in mankind and they are most seen in the groin or scrotum. (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016). The first report of hernia was published in 1853 by Bowditch. The discovery of artificially insensitive to pain drugs or induced by the admistration by the gases before the surgical operation(anesthesia) and the development of drugs which prevent the disease causing microorganisms(antiseptic) methods in the mid of 19th century change fundamentally the practice of surgery. The development of these techniques including anesthesia techniques in the 1860s allowed more invasive methods to be used in the treatment of non-complicated inguinal hernias. The concluded method for the treatment of inguinal hernia is the surgical repair method regardless of its origin or its type (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016). HERNIA REPAIR APROACHES OPEN ANTERIOR HERNIA REPAIR APROACH In the late 19th century Trait introduced the basic surgical management of scrotum hernias that he used a trans- abdominal approach to suture the defect this technique used the row of stiches holding together the edges of wound or a surgical incision where by a thread or wire is used. This approach fell from favor when Eduardo Bassini in 1887, introduced the first true anatomical repair of the inguinal hernia Henry O Marcy (1837-1924), a surgeon from the USA and a disciple of the English surgeon Joseph Lister, give a detailed account of two cases of incarcerated hernia that he treated surgically in 1871. Marcy, using Listerian antiseptic techniques, performed the standard operation of the day on these two patients: he divided the hernia ring in the usual way with the hernial knife and reduced the incarcerated hernia. Also Marcy went more and more extensive with the hernia technique then in vogue, Rather than open the hernia sac, he reduced it and repaired the defect by closing the constricting ring with carbolized catgut suture. LAPAROSCOPIC APPROACHES Introduced by Ger in 1982 into the armamentarium of hernia repairs ,since its introduction it have undergone considerably changes and it has been are source of most prolonged dis agreements. With the appearing of long and distinct period of history of laparoscopic surgery, some surgeons had been suggested to apply this new technology (prosthetic material) on the laparoscopic hernias surgery because it (the laparoscopic surgery) fulfils all the primary and secondary points for the perfect hernia surgery. The very important point that is provided by laparoscopic surgery that it dealt with the hernia at the point of its origin exactly within the abdominal cavity at the level of the scrotum holes, and not at the inguinal canal, where the hernial sac follows its way. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair technique was initiated in early 1990s and build on the originally championed by Renà © Stoppa (open preperitoneal approaches). Also Ger in 1982 made effort to archive a minimal access groin hernia repair by closing the opening of an indirect inguinal hernial sac using Michel clips. In 1989, Bogojavlensky reported filling an indirect hernia defect with a plug of polypropylene mesh followed by laparoscopic suture closure of the internal ring. In 1990, Phillips and McKenna developed totally extra peritoneal (TEP) technique with or without peritoneoscopy. In 1991 Arregui give a detailed information about transabnormial preperitoneal (TAPP) approach with full exposure of the inguinal floor and placement of a large preperitoneal prosthesis. Toy and Smoot in 1991 give a detailed informationabout a technique of intraperitoneal on lay mesh (IPOM) placement, where by an intraabdominal piece of polypropylene or e-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) was stapled over the myopectineal orifice without opening of the peritoneum During the same period, Phillips and McKernan gave a detailed account on TEP technique of endoscopic hernioplasty (where an instrument was introduced into the body to view its internal parts) where the peritoneal cavity is not breached and the entire dissection is performed bluntly (without sharp edge instruments) in the extraperitoneal space with a balloon device or the tip of the laparoscope itself The advancement of the knowledge of human anatomy in inguinal region is vital importance in the surgical skills of the disease. Once the dissection is complete, a 15 ÃÆ'- 10 cm mesh is stapled in place over the myopectineal orifice(most common now days). In all of the rapairs the mesh is in physical contact fascia of the transversalis muscle in the preperitoneal space, allows tissue ingrowths leading to the fixation of the mesh (as opposed to being in contact to the peritoneum as in IPOM repair where it is prone to migrate). The two techniques (TAPP and TEP) proved more effective and emerged as the most popular. These repairs approach the myopectineal orifice posteriorly, similar in anatomical perspective to the open preperitoneal approaches. A clear understanding of the anatomy from this perspective is crucial to avoid a number of complications, mainly vascular and nerve injuries. Laparoscopy provides a clear view of the entire myopectineal orifice, and repairs of both inguinal and femoral hernias can be performed LITERATURE REVIEW Although the incidence and prevalence of inguinal hernias worldwide is unknown, it is estimated, that in the United States, approximately about 4.5 million people have inguinal hernia while in Jerusalem, it was documented as 18 per 100 men aged 25 and over. Less is known about epidemiology of inguinal hernia in resource poor setting, according to the currently research it shows that in Tanzania the inguinal hernial prevalence in adults is 5.36% and approximately 12.09% of men live with hernia. While in Great Britain about 7000 repairs are performed each year, this indicate that about 0.14% of the whole population suffer from hernia (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016). PROBLEM STATEMENT Inguinal hernia is common surgical problem in both developed and developing countries. Sometimes it can present a surgical misunderstanding even for the skilled surgeon when the swell contain unusual contents, surgery is the only way to deal with abnormal contents raised in the swelling (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016). The surgery is the basic care for an individuals suffer from inguinal hernia (groin hernia) which is most common problem. About 96% of all scrotal hernias are regarded as inguinal hernias and the remaining 4% are formal. Surgical practice of inguinal hernia is most common operations performed now days .inguinal hernia is the one of the most important problem in a public health, also another problem of hernia is that it can it can present a danger problem even for a skilled surgeon because many disease infection can be regarded as hernia (Onuigbo WIB, et al 2016). Inguinal hernia is disease that affect most people in a coastal area (case study Tanga) that cause the inflammation and pain full in the testes (scrotum), according to the previously research shows less has been done to prevent the spread of the disease and to improve the awareness of individuals towards the disease also he improvement of medication and repair system has to be improved. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY Specific objectives 1. To assess the number of individual who are living with the disease 2. To assess the number of individuals who are in a risk of being infected by the disease 3. To assess the availability of diagnosis and the treatment of the disease General objectives 1.To motivate the government and non-governmental institutions to assist the diagnosis and treatment of the disease 2.To understand the magnitude of the disease in Tanzania especially in Tanga coast land QUESTIONNAIRE Question. What is an inguinal hernia? Indicator; inguinal hernia is a swelling of scrotum Question. What causes an inguinal hernia? Indicator; is the defect that individual born with it, also may be infection Question. What are the symptoms of an inguinal hernia? Indicator; swelling and pain full in the scrotum during caught or lifting heavy objects Question. Why do most of people suffer from the disease do not get treatments? Indicator; because most f people inherit the weakness that cause the disease from their parents Question; is the treatment for the disease enough to fight the disease? Indicator; the treatment may vary according to the area where individual lives, other areas are with high social services but others are not Question; Do you understand how the disease is transmitted? Indicator; 7. Question; Do you know what organism transmit the disease? Indicator; SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY At the end of this research the community awareness towards the disease will increase hence the prevention measures will increase and the number of individuals who are at risk of being infected will be reduced. Also the diagnosis and treatment will be improved so as to fight the disease STUDY AREA The research shall be conducted in Tanga coast land case study Muheza SAMPLING AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES Sample shall be selected from the population randomly in order to avoid biasness and obtain the accurate data for the problem of inguinal hernia DATA COLLECTION       Data in this research shall be collected using research questionnaires that will be provided to the individuals member of community and answer the provided questions concerning with the inguinal hernia, case study Muheza Tanga coast land. DATA ANALYSIS The obtained data from the questionnaire will be analyzed using various data analytical methods such as SPSS and SAS CONCLUSION All in all the research that will be conducted aim to improve the community awareness towards the disease among the individuals member of the community in Muheza influence the government and individuals to take the concern towards the disease and also to improve the community ability to fight against the disease. REFERENCES   Debas HT, Donkor P, Gawande A, et al. 2015 Essential Surgery: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 1). editors, Washington (DC) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; Apr 2. Fitzgibbons RJ, Richards AT, Quinn TH WS, Mitchell P, Fink MP, Jurkovich GJ, Kaiser LR, Pearce WH, Pemberton JH, Soper NJ, 2002. Open hernia repair. In Souba, editors. ACS Surgery Principles and Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, U.S.A: Decker Publishing Inc. pp. 828-849 H. ABRAMSON, J. GOFIN, C. HOPP, AND A. MAKLER Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 1978, 32, 59-67J. Department of Social Medicine, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School and Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem Harvinder Singh Pahwa, Awanish Kumar, Prerit Agarwal, Akshay Anand Agarwal. World Journal of Clinical Cases, Department of Surgery, King Georgee Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India National Center for Health Statistics (1960). Hernias Reported in Interviews: United States July 1957-June 1959. Health Statistics from the US National Health Survey, Series B. No. 25, pp. 6-7. US Department of Health, Education and Welfare: Washington DC Onuigbo WIB, Njeze GE (2016) Inguinal Hernia. A Review. J Surg Oper Care 1(2): 202. doi: 10.15744/2455-7617.1.202 SD, Sharma VM. J Med Res Rev 2013, Retrospective analysis of inguinal hernia repair by various methods in a teaching institute. Int;1(5):240-244 Venditti D, Rossi P, Lisi G, et al 2015. Anew prosthesis in inguinal hernia repair: results of a pilot study. Surgery Res Open 2(2): 66-71.

Final reflection Essay

After the studying of this semester, my writing skills of business writing, reading skills, and communication skills had a progress. First of all, the process of writing is really important and significant. I learned the process which covers planning, composing and revising from this JGEN class. To be honest, it is really helpful. Before studying the process, I always feel the business writing is hard for me. Currently, I just need to follow the steps of the process and an effective business writing can be finished. In addition, for the business writing, I can use direct and indirect methods to respond the complaint messages, to give the customer’s negative messages and to provide the persuasive letters which attached with business goals. At the same time, the readers’ moods and the emotions which the messages convey also need to be considered. More than that, I was also benefit from the email and letter writing. The techniques of those writings not only can be used in business field, but also can be used to communicate with your teacher and family, etc. For example, I even don’t know the formatting of the email before this class. Moreover, for the resume and job application cover letter, I think it also extremely helpful, because finding jobs is the necessary and the first steps of our careers. The resume should be made personally and specially. Last but not least, the most important thing which I should state is the group project. I want to say that I really enjoy the whole process. From preparation of the report to performing of the presentation, I learned many things, like research skills, discussion which can share the ideas, and practice of the presentation. The effective communication of the group is really inevitable and we made it.

Analysis of the Poem the Darkling Thrush - 1256 Words

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Buddhism The Philosophy And Religion - 1426 Words

Buddhism originated 2,500 years ago in India and today – is the prevailing world religion in the East. There are more than 360 million followers of Buddhism, including one million American followers. Buddhism has branched into a diverse selection of forms throughout its long history, however, all methods of Buddhism share an admiration for the teachings of Buddha with the ultimate focus on ending suffering (Religionfacts.com, 2015). In the 6th century BC, Siddhartha or Gautama Buddha was born in a royal family in the hills of the Himalayas. Prince Siddhartha was constantly in search of the origin of all sufferings and the path to end these sufferings. Practicing powerful meditation and freeing his mind from disturbing thoughts –†¦show more content†¦The eight fold path incorporates eight practices which are all interrelated and nourish each other. These include: right view, right thinking, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right diligence, right mi ndfulness and right concentration (Hanh, 1999). Right mindfulness is particularly significant amongst the backdrop of Western psychology. Mindfulness refers to a kind of meditation involving a tolerance of thoughts and perceptions – an ability to look at life in an objective way and eventually develop a fuller, richer awareness of life (Aich, 2013). This is the seventh step on the eight fold path and plays a substantial role in meditation and Zen Buddhism. A particular branch of Buddhism called Zen Buddhism has sparked an interest in psychologists with a focus on mindfulness, meditation and non-violence (Berger, 1962). Zen Buddhism is a practice that was transferred from master to disciple and dates back to the spiritual awakening of Siddhartha (Buddha). Zen means , quiet simply, meditation and the experience of living in the moment. The teaching of Zen Buddhism claims to be â€Å"a special transmission outside the scripture, not depending upon the letter, but pointing directly to one’s Mind to see into Nature itself and attain Buddha-hood† (Suzuki, 1938). Berger (1962) described Zen as a form of Buddhism that originated in India and was introduced to China in the first century A.D. The